Mildred Howard: Poetics of Memory, A Review by Wanda Sabir
Mildred Howard: Poetics of Memory, A Review
by Wanda Sabir
Wanda Sabir and devorah major with Mildred Howard’s oversized $100 bill
at OMCA.
Photo: Wanda Sabir.
Mildred Howard: Poetics of Memory, OMCA entrance, with inset portrait of
Howard in her first Oakland studio, circa 1978. Entrance photo: Wanda Sabir.
Portrait: Raymond Holbert; courtesy of Raymond Holbert. Collage assembled for
this review.
devorah major and I pose in front of Mildred Howard’s oversized $100 bill. When do you see a Black woman on a hundred-dollar bill? Like, what? Black woman currency—Holla!
We enter the exhibition. “Locks and Keys for Harry Bridges” (2001) opens another story—labor. An older woman in the gallery comments to her friend that she knew Harry Bridges. I think to myself, I bet Brother Cleophas knew him too. Later I learn so much more from the ILWU archives and from Sister Sadie Williams, Brother Cleophas’s widow and Ms. Howard’s mother’s friend. From labor we walk into Howard’s reflection. We meet her here in the early work—self-portraits, textiles, works on paper and wood.
In “Untitled (self-portrait),” c. 1979, lace partially covers Howard’s face. There is a photo of Howard dressed in a garment her mother gifted her. Ancestral antiquity passed to her mother from her mother—Howard’s maternal grandmother. Howard dresses history. She grew into her vocation surrounded by antiques and adults who knew their value and taught their daughter through their example her worth. Her personal appraisal was all that mattered. The world would sell her cheap had she let it. She didn’t, nor did she allow it to sell her ibeji or twins cheap either. In Ifá or Yoruba culture, Ibeji or twin spirits are divine beings. Equal pay for equal work, she told the agency that hired her daughter and son and their mother as artist models.
Howard says this story belongs to a people she belongs to, so it’s hers to tell. 81 this year, I think about the places her life and work intersect with this writer's life. I retired after 25 years teaching at College of Alameda where I was one of two tenured Black English Composition and Reading faculty. Now there are none. I retired three years ago. It was one of the happiest days of my life. When I got tenure it was also one of the happiest days of my life. I could take care of my two daughters. That was important to me. Though our paths didn't cross there, Ms. Howard studied fashion design at COA while she raised her ibeji or twins.
If only I knew now what I learned at the end of my tenure. These institutions are not interested in Black liberation. Mildred Howard is.
Her mom bore ten children. The family migrated from Texas to San Francisco, then moved to South Berkeley. The antiques business moved across geographies as the youngest child learned appraisal and appreciation. Her home had old things in it, her friends commented.
I think it might be a Southern thing. My mother had an aesthetic I saw in other homes. I saw this aesthetic in the homes of my Senegalese family too. Photos of historic figures, scriptural tapestries, covered sofas and armchairs, a large rug, coffee table, maybe beads or a sheer curtain hanging in a doorway. The rooms were full even when humanly empty. There was texture in the air.
Presence, character, the space felt alive. Often a guest could smell food cooking, a welcoming smell.
Like my grandmother, born in 1901, Howard’s parents belonged to a generation whose parents might have been born during slavery.
Mildred Howard in the exhibition’s early-work/self-portrait gallery.
Photo: Wanda Sabir.
Black community is important to Howard. We see this in the family photos and albums, her Berkeley High School yearbook. My younger daughter was class of 2000. “The Other Side of the Coin” (2014) reminded me of the Amazon Queen, Queen Califia, for whom our state takes its name, and of course, Black Gold—Califia’s people. Howard inserts her own silhouette where the racist “Gold Dust Twins” caricature once appeared. Then there is “A Salute to Sojourner: Still Waters Run Deep” (2001).
Remember the Black Doll experiment? Well, in this retelling, the pretty Black doll is the “fairest of them all.” The mirror is right there. When you look at the Black doll, you are looking at yourself. So what do you think? Is she beautiful? And you’re looking at yourself, right? So am I beautiful? She’s not passing. She is very, very melanated. You know she is a Black girl. You can’t look at it and not think about it.
Wanda Sabir and devorah major looking into Howard’s work in the gallery.
Photo: Wanda Sabir.
There is “Skillet to the Frying Pan: Sitting Black” (2001)—a black skillet with a mirror on it. Who’s calling whom Black? (smile).
One of my favorite pieces is “Volume I & II: History of the United States with a Few Missing Parts” (2007). The two open American history books are riddled with holes. They look like bullet holes to me. Funny. I wonder how she made the holes in the document? Was it target practice? Nearby is “Blind Thomas Green at the White House” (2024), a White House constructed of glass bottles and wood.
Mildred Howard, Volume I & II: History of the United States with a Few Missing Parts (2007), detail. Photo: Wanda Sabir.
Today at Chochenyo Park as we practiced Qigong forms, poured qi into our crown chakra, I looked up into the Magnolia trees where several blossoms sat upon fragrant altars too far above to reach. Howard has “The Magnolia Project: III” (2008). In a mixed-media portrait, we see another self-portrait embedded in a tree.
I am just riffing on OMCA. Miss my friend Hubert Collins. Miss Arthur Monroe. Miss Raymond Saunders. Hubert introduced me to both men. He told me I needed to interview Saunders. Who knew Saunders would teach my younger daughter and be the faculty sponsor of the club she started at California College of Arts and Crafts (CCAC)—BAAD: Black Artists And Designers? Howard taught there too, but wasn’t tenured. I asked my daughter if she had any classes with her. It was a vicarious moment that bore no fruit (smile). Yet, little did we know about Howard’s work with the Edible Schoolyard. TaSin attended Oxford Elementary School, where there was an early school garden program. Later, I taught at Jefferson Elementary School, another Berkeley school with an edible garden.
TaSin was a girl when we went to Saunders’ retrospective at OMCA, June 11–August 21, 1994. I was telling my friend devorah today that on Sundays we’d go to the OM. Admission was free on Sundays. These were happy days spent with my daughter cultivating a shared love of art. This was over 30 years ago. Loved the OM then and now. Even with its recent architectural changes, it remains one of my favorite museums.
I didn’t see Raymond Saunders’ painting today in the Art Gallery on the upper level. I just wanted to say hi. I did run into a Sargent Johnson sculpture. devorah said her dad, Reggie Major (Asé), knew Johnson, Charles White, Bob Kaufman too. They’d all get together for fun and mischief as only erudite Black Brothers could. She recalled a story where the men went to see Nina Simone. These men affirmed Blackness in these segregated spaces. Simone appreciated seeing them there. I was like wow! when devorah shared her historic legacy. I’d met her father through a mutual friend, Kiilu Nyasha. His book, “A Panther Is a Black Cat,” was on her table. I don’t remember if she called him on the phone, but I remember speaking with him. Love the play on the word “cat.” “Cat” as in Black man per parlance.
Later devorah and I walked up to the Dorothea Lange exhibit. Many familiar faces greeted me there. The OM is home to the Lange archive. In “Dorothea Lange: Photography as Activism,” located in the California History Gallery on the upper level, there was an exercise in perspective we played with. The photo on the table had five Black men with a white man interrupting the fluid discourse across the canvas. Was he necessary or a distraction? We took one of the two frames and excised him. The mood shifted on the canvas to one of camaraderie.
Perspective is thesis.
close-up at left. Photos: Wanda Sabir.
Gallery view with patrons watching Howard’s public-art video. Photo: Wanda Sabir.
The Howard gallery proceeds into the next smaller gallery. It is like an artist’s studio. Here are the notebooks, photos and other artifacts that illustrate Howard’s life. Her artistic query questions as it answers. Love her curiosity. It is her theme song. Similar to her secret powers of insight and creative reuse. She has been a “maker” all her life. It is also where patrons can sit and watch a short video depicting Howard’s stunning public works—a very short list.
Locks and Keys for Harry Bridges (2001) appears in the video—keys where parking meters would stand, open locks—at Third and Stevenson Streets in San Francisco. Curiosity is there too, at the San Leandro Main Library—a giant bronze question mark, with Quincy Troupe’s poem about curiosity on the wall.
A library is a place where we have questions, and our curiosity takes us into the library to investigate further what we don’t know, what we know, to confirm what we know, and to question what we know, because maybe we don’t know what we think we know. Not seen is “Three Shades of Blue” (2002) in San Francisco, beautiful clear blue glass across the multiple-lane thoroughfare at Geary and Fillmore. Quincy Troupe's poem, “Shades of Blue for a Blue Bridge,” dedicated to Mildred Howard, Joe Rudolph and Yori Wada dances across its surface. Nor is The Music of Language (2008) at Glide Memorial, Howard’s beautiful collaboration with poet Janice Mirikitani. However, these works live here. Somebody could actually go to that street in San Francisco and see that artwork. Somebody could actually go to the San Leandro Library and see that artwork. Even after the exhibit closes, her work lives on.
Howard has been busy. She has so much work. She works monstrous, enormous, bigger than life. Music is an important element to Howard’s composition. One of her many commentaries available via QR code speaks to this. I love Ms. Howard’s collaborative work with Joanna Haigood and Marcus Shelby; Quincy Troupe and David Murray. The latter two with Howard are a creative dream team.
We turn around and enter the grand opus. The room has twilight-kind of lighting. To the left is Crossings (1997). I think about Howard’s revisioning of the iconic image of African Ancestors packed like boards or sardines in a vacuum-sealed can. These eggs arranged so precisely recall a ship deck...recall the flesh bodies dismembered, robbed of life, rights, agency.
The large,
twilight-lit gallery in Mildred Howard: Poetics of Memory, with Wanda Sabir’s
Fort Point view inset at upper right.
Photos: Wanda Sabir.
The gilded mirror is across from the eggs—the slave ship. The reflection extends or magnifies as it includes one in the journey—its terror and ode to survival. We are an amazing people; however, we bleed, die, suffer just like the onlookers.
The eggs represent the fragility that is life, Black life and how little it matters. Yet, seen here in its elemental form—all life comes from this fertilized embryo. How did we survive the journey? How do we continue to survive this horrendous passage without breakage? We are but flesh and blood. Howard says we have to continue to look at these things. Don’t look away.
To the right and ahead is the blue glass house, “Blackbird in a Red Sky” (a.k.a. “Fall of the Blood House”) (2002). I looked at the glass house and saw my mother’s childhood home in Mississippi—three rooms with an outdoor toilet and kitchen. I started writing a story after I left the house and swimming apples: So many stories live in sweet red 🍎. Poison, beauty, secrets...then there is the house made of glass and no tree. Its absence is singularly noticeable. Where is the parent or life that gave these apples life? But then these glassy apples are for show, for company, not for use.
The precision. The lines. 6x13 hum. 78 🍎
Lit, the red apples float like lanterns. There is a room near the larger glass house where patrons are encouraged to share their stories. There were lots of stories there. And there is a large statue covered in red cloth.
I’d seen Howard’s work at Fort Point—the three criminals wrapped in red cloth. They stood as sentinels along the open decks or passages. When a person looked up at the structure there they stood: curiosities. The three men were Peter Burnett, William Gwin and Francis Scott Key. Howard shrouded monuments to men whose histories included the enslavement of Black people and the exclusion of Black people’s rights.
Gallery photo: Wanda Sabir; Blackbird image courtesy of the artist / OMCA press materials.
The red carries urgency. It is also life—blood, water, collective breath. And across the back of this large gallery is Moving Stills (2025).
Howard says the film footage is hers. She took it when she visited family in Texas—I think she said she traveled there by train. Her mother saved the film, and Howard found it years later. I don’t remember where she said she found it. Now those images move across the paneled lace curtains spanning the back of the large gallery. I stood there for a long time gazing at Moving Stills. The lace curtain was no longer decoration. It had become an archive.
Moving Stills across
the lace-curtain installation in the large gallery, with Untitled (1979) inset
at right. Gallery photo: Wanda Sabir. Untitled courtesy of the artist.
In another gallery is one of Howard's bottle houses.
I am not a stranger to Mildred Howard’s work. I have been blessed to see a lot of her exhibitions, many at the OM, others at the Richmond Art Center and the San Jose Museum of Art. I remember Howard’s Richmond Art Center exhibition: “Mildred Howard: Spirit and Matter,” a four-decade survey guest curated by Jan Wurm. It opened March 22, 2015, and closed May 24, 2015. I had seen the exhibition earlier, but I returned on the closing-day reception, “And Then There Were None,” Sunday, May 24. Howard was there. I also ran into Ms. Howard at the BAMPFA, where she was a part of a group exhibition, “About Things Loved: Blackness and Belonging,” at BAMPFA, May 17–July 21, 2019. “Safe House” (2005) showed up in both spots. Black folks do not take safety or homefulness for granted.
I interviewed her in her Berkeley studio in connection with the Richmond Art Center exhibition. This was before she lost that studio to gentrification and moved to her West Oakland site. Lucky for us. Howard always recognized and greeted me when our paths crossed.
I remember her contributions to the Día de los Muertos exhibitions at the Oakland Museum too, especially her 2003 work about the handgun deaths of Black people in Oakland, most between 15 and 30 years old. I remember standing there looking at the map with handgun-shaped pushpins marking the deaths.
I like all the storytelling with QR codes. Material culture is her palette and Black American culture colors everything.
Ms. Howard is a rock star. Seriously, she has made such an impact on this American landscape. She is such a gift. I don’t know why she hasn’t gotten a MacArthur Fellowship or the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her collected body of work, but this oversight needs correcting. She needs the MacArthur because it comes with money. The work she does, the skill she does it with, the material culture she resurrects and excavates—it costs money. Being an art-keologist is an expensive business.
I tend to go back to exhibitions on closing day. The Richmond Art Center exhibition wasn’t my first visit, but I went back for the closing and found Mildred Howard there. Poetics of Memory closes October 18. Maybe I’ll see the artist there again. That would be hecka lovely.
For OMCA information, visit museumca.org.




